Three diagrams
Solid= substance with a definite shape and definite volume
Liquid=substance with definite volume that takes the shape of its’ container
Gas=substance with no definite shape and volume that expands to fill container
Melting and freezing can both take place at 0 degrees because melting is the adding of heat at 0 to change ice to water and freezing is the release of heat at zero to change water to ice. The temp remains the same while the change occurs.
Boiling and evaporation are both forms of vaporization but, Boiling is the change to gas in the entire liquid and Evaporation is the change occurring only on the surface.
If air pressure on a liquid is great then the liquid will take longer to boil because the gas form of the liquid will not be able to escape the liquid.
For condensation to occur there must be some kind of surface- like a glass, dust in the air, grass. An example of condensation is a cloud, dew, moisture on the side of a can.
For a solid to change directly to a gas the air must be dry and or very hot.
The lab The Space in Matter helped to prove that there are spaces within states of matter, and these spaces can be filled in by other substances when they dissolve in them. Like the alcohol and water- 50ml of alcohol + 50 ml of water didn’t = 100 because some of the alcohol dissolved into the spaces in between the water molecules.
Solid properties are
tensile strength withstands pressure and stretching
hardness difficult to scratch
brittleness breaks in pieces when hammered
elasticity can be stretched and still return to original form
malleability can be hammered into sheets
Liquid properties are
surface tension forms skin due to attraction of liq molecule
viscosity ability to flow
cohesion Sticks to itself
adhesion Sticks to other things